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21.	Reich Concordat between the Holy See and the German Reich (July 20, 1933) Although the Catholic Church represented only a third of the German population, the Nazi regime saw it as a particular challenge. On a political level, Catholic interests were traditionally represented....
22.	The Confessing Church: Excerpt from the Declaration of the Second Confessing Synod of the German Protestant Church in Berlin-Dahlem (October 20, 1934) The Nazi regime’s totalitarian claim to power also included the ecclesiastical-religious sphere. In 1933, Hitler promised to preserve the rights and integrity of the Christian churches, but his real....
23.	George Messersmith’s Report to the State Department on the "Present Status of the Anti-Semitic Movement in Germany" (September 21, 1933) During his first year as Reich Chancellor, Hitler sought to eliminate the political opposition, consolidate his own power, and strengthen Germany’s military position. To protect the reputation of....
24.	The Hereditary Farm Law (September 29, 1933) Even before Hitler’s seizure of power, German farmers occupied a special place within the Nazi worldview....
25.	Law to Safeguard the Unity of Party and State (December 1, 1933) On July 14, 1933, Hitler’s “Law against the Establishment of Parties” marked the factual end of the party system and parliamentary democracy. On that same day, he passed the “Law on Plebiscites,”....
26.	Protocol of Hitler’s Speech to Gauleiters on the Role of the NSDAP (February 2, 1934) In early 1934, it was evident that some party groups shared the SA’s view that a second National Socialist revolution was necessary. But before “Operation....
27.	Erich Kempka’s Eyewitness Description of "Operation Hummingbird" on June 30, 1934 (Retrospective Account, 1954) Ernst Röhm (1887-1934) founded the SA....
28.	Hitler’s Speech to the National Socialist Women’s League (September 8, 1934) On the surface, the National Socialist worldview [Weltanschauung] propagated a return to patriarchal values and traditional gender roles, and thus spoke to all those who believed that the....
29.	The Reich Citizenship Law (September 15, 1935) and the First Regulation to the Reich Citizenship Law (November 14, 1935) The Reichstag passed the so-called Nuremberg Laws (or “Nuremberg Racial Laws”) on September 15, 1935, during the Seventh....
30.	Lion Feuchtwanger, "Thou shalt dwell in houses thou hast not builded" (March 20, 1935) The successful German-Jewish writer Lion Feuchtwanger (1884-1958) was on a lecture tour of the United States when Hitler came to power in January 1933. Given the situation, Feuchtwanger decided not....
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