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Bernhard vom Brocke, "'Scholarship and Militarism': The Appeal of 93 'to the Civilized World!'" (October 4, 1914)

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This we pledge to you with our names and our honor!

Adolf von Baeyer, Professor of Chemistry, Munich; Prof. Peter Behrens, Berlin; Emil von Behring, Professor of Medicine, Marburg; Wilhelm von Bode, General Director of the Royal Museums, Berlin; Alois Brandl, Professor, President of the Shakespeare Society, Berlin; Luju Brentano, Professor of National Economy, Munich; Prof. Justus Brinkmann, Museum Director, Hamburg; Johannes Conrad, Professor of National Economy, Halle; Franz von Defregger, Munich; Richard Dehmel, Hamburg; Adolf Deitzmann, Professor of Theology, Berlin; Prof. Wilhelm Doerpfeld, Berlin; Friedrich von Duhn, Professor of Archaeology, Heidelberg; Prof. Paul Ehrlich, Frankfort am Main; Albert Ehrhard, Professor of Roman Catholic Theology, Strasbourg; Karl Engler, Professor of Chemistry, Karlsruhe; Gerhard Esser, Professor of Roman Catholic Theology, Bonn; Rudolf Eucken, Professor of Philosophy, Jena; Herbert Eulenberg, Kaiserswerth; Heinrich Finke, Professor of History, Freiburg; Emil Fischer, Professor of Chemistry, Berlin; Wilhelm Foerster, Professor of Astronomy, Berlin; Ludwig Fulda, Berlin; Eduard von Gebhardt, Dusseldorf; J.J. de Groot, Professor of Ethnography, Berlin; Fritz Haber, Professor of Chemistry, Berlin; Ernst Haeckel, Professor of Zoology, Jena; Max Halbe, Munich; Prof. Adolf von Harnack, General Director of the Royal Library, Berlin; Gerhart Hauptmann, Agnetendorf; Karl Hauptmann, Schreiberhau; Gustav Hellmann, Professor of Meteorology, Berlin; Wilhelm Herrmann, Professor of Protestant Theology, Marburg; Andreas Heusler, Professor of Northern Philology, Berlin; Adolf von Hildebrand, Munich; Ludwig Hoffmann, City Architect, Berlin; Engelbert Humperdinck, Berlin; Leopold Graf Kalckreuth, President of the German Confederation of Artists, Eddelsen; Arthur Kampf, Berlin; Fritz Aug. von Kaulbach, Munich; Theodor Kipp, Professor of Jurisprudence, Berlin; Felix Klein, Professor of Mathematics, Goettingen; Max Klinger, Leipzig; Alois Knoepfler, Professor of History of Art, Munich; Anton Koch, Professor of Roman Catholic Theology, Münster; Paul Laband, Professor of Jurisprudence, Strasbourg; Karl Lemprecht, Professor of History, Leipzig; Philipp Lenard, Professor of Physics, Heidelberg; Max Lenz, Professor of History, Hamburg; Max Liebermann, Berlin; Franz von Liszt, Professor of Jurisprudence, Berlin; Ludwig Manzel, President of the Academy of Arts, Berlin; Josef Mausbach, Professor of Roman Catholic Theology, Münster; Georg von Mayr, Professor of Political Sciences, Munich; Sebastian Merkle, Professor of Roman Catholic Theology, Würzburg; Eduard Meyer, Professor of History, Berlin; Heinrich Morf, Professor of Roman Philology, Berlin; Friedrich Naumann, Berlin; Albert Neisser, Professor of Medicine, Breslau; Walter Nernst, Professor of Physics, Berlin; Wilhelm Ostwald, Professor of Chemistry, Leipzig; Bruno Paul, Director of the School for Applied Arts, Berlin; Max Planck, Professor of Physics, Berlin; Albert Plehn, Professor of Medicine, Berlin; Georg Reicke, Berlin; Prof. Max Reinhardt, Director of the German Theater, Berlin; Alois Reihl, Professor of Philosophy, Berlin; Karl Robert, Professor of Archaeology, Halle; Wilhelm Roentgen, Professor of Physics, Munich; Max Rubner, Professor of Medicine, Berlin; Fritz Schaper, Berlin; Adolf von Schlatter, Professor of Protestant Theology, Tübingen; August Schmidlin, Professor of Sacred History, Münster; Gustav von Schmoller, Professor of National Economy, Berlin; Franz von Stuck, Munich; Reinhold Seeburg, Professor of Protestant Theology, Berlin; Martin Spahn, Professor of History, Strasbourg; Hermann Sudermann, Berlin; Hans Thoma, Karlsruhe; Wilhelm Treubner, Karlsruhe; Karl Vollmoeller, Stuttgart; Richard Votz, Berchtesgaden; Karl Votzler, Professor of Roman Philology, Munich; Siegfried Wagner, Bayreuth; Wilhelm Waldeyer, Professor of Anatomy, Berlin; August von Wassermann, Professor of Medicine, Berlin; Felix von Weingartner; Theordor Wiegand, Museum Director, Berlin; Wilhelm Wien, Professor of Physics, Würzburg; Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Professor of Philology, Berlin; Richard Willstaetter, Professor of Chemistry, Berlin; Wilhelm Windelband, Professor of Philosophy, Heidelberg; Wilhelm Wundt, Professor of Philosophy, Leipzig.



Source: Bernhard vom Brocke, “‘Wissenschaft und Militarisumus’: Der Aufruf der 93 ‘an die Kulturwelt!’ und der Zusammenbruch der internationalen Gelehrtenrepublik im Ersten Weltkrieg" [“‘Scholarship and Militarism’: The Appeal of 93 ‘to the Civilized World!’ and the Collapse of the International Republic of Letters in the First World War"], in William M. Calder, III, ed., Wilamowitz nach 50 Jahren [Wilamowitz 50 Years Later]. Darmstadt, 1985, p. 718.

Translation: Jeffrey Verhey and Roger Chickering

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